Most plug-in refrigerators, freezers and display cases in India are built for single-phase 230 V, 50 Hz. The rating plate states this, along with the running current and often a permitted voltage range. Larger systems, condensing units and some multi-door equipment may need a three-phase 415 V supply instead, which must be planned with an electrician before delivery.
Nominal voltage is not what every site actually receives. In many markets and older buildings, voltage dips in the evening when lights, ACs and other loads switch on, rises late at night, and spikes when heavy equipment switches off. Compressors are particularly sensitive to low voltage at start-up, where they draw a large current and may fail to start.
The frequency also matters. Compressors and fan motors designed for 50 Hz run at the right speed on Indian supply; imported equipment designed for 60 Hz markets may run slower and deliver less cooling. Check the rating plate before buying used or imported units.