An EEV does the same job as a TXV, controlling how much refrigerant enters the evaporator, but it uses electronics instead of a sensing bulb. A controller reads the evaporator pressure and suction temperature, calculates superheat and moves the valve in small steps to hold it at the target value.
Because the controller can react quickly and use more information, an EEV holds superheat tighter across a wider operating range. It pairs naturally with inverter compressors, suits low-charge and natural-refrigerant systems, and lets the condenser run at lower pressure in cooler weather, which saves energy in winter months.
EEVs are more common in larger display cases, remote and multi-deck systems and premium cabinets than in small plug-in units. They add sensors, wiring and a controller that must be protected from voltage spikes and moisture. Servicing one needs a technician who can read controller parameters, not just pressure gauges.